Initial commit

.gitea/workflows/build.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# .gitea/workflows/build.yaml
+name: Build Hugo Site
+run-name: Static Site Generation
+on: [push]
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    env:
+      HUGO_VERSION: 0.114.0
+    steps:
+      - name: Install Hugo CLI
+        run: |
+          wget -O ${{ runner.temp }}/hugo.deb https://github.com/gohugoio/hugo/releases/download/v${HUGO_VERSION}/hugo_extended_${HUGO_VERSION}_linux-amd64.deb \
+          && dpkg -i ${{ runner.temp }}/hugo.deb
+      - name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+        with:
+          submodules: recursive
+      - name: Build with Hugo
+        env:
+          HUGO_ENVIRONMENT: production
+          HUGO_ENV: production
+        run: |
+          hugo \
+            --minify
+      - name: Add SSH Key
+        env:
+          SSH_KEY: ${{ secrets.SSH_KEY }}
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p ~/.ssh/
+          echo "$SSH_KEY" > ~/.ssh/id_rsa
+          chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa
+      - name: Deploy to Server
+        run: |
+          scp -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -r public/* bhays@10.0.1.15:/var/www/html/

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# ---> Hugo
+# Generated files by hugo
+/public/
+/resources/_gen/
+/assets/jsconfig.json
+hugo_stats.json
+
+# Executable may be added to repository
+hugo.exe
+hugo.darwin
+hugo.linux
+
+# Temporary lock file while building
+/.hugo_build.lock
+

.gitmodules

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+[submodule "themes/hello-friend-ng"]
+	path = themes/hello-friend-ng
+	url = https://github.com/rhazdon/hugo-theme-hello-friend-ng.git

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+Version 3, 29 June 2007
+
+Copyright © 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
+
+Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+Preamble
+
+The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for software and other kinds of works.
+
+The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to your programs, too.
+
+When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for them if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs, and that you know you can do these things.
+
+To protect your rights, we need to prevent others from denying you these rights or asking you to surrender the rights. Therefore, you have certain responsibilities if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it: responsibilities to respect the freedom of others.
+
+For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a fee, you must pass on to the recipients the same freedoms that you received. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their rights.
+
+Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps: (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this License giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it.
+
+For the developers' and authors' protection, the GPL clearly explains that there is no warranty for this free software. For both users' and authors' sake, the GPL requires that modified versions be marked as changed, so that their problems will not be attributed erroneously to authors of previous versions.
+
+Some devices are designed to deny users access to install or run modified versions of the software inside them, although the manufacturer can do so. This is fundamentally incompatible with the aim of protecting users' freedom to change the software. The systematic pattern of such abuse occurs in the area of products for individuals to use, which is precisely where it is most unacceptable. Therefore, we have designed this version of the GPL to prohibit the practice for those products. If such problems arise substantially in other domains, we stand ready to extend this provision to those domains in future versions of the GPL, as needed to protect the freedom of users.
+
+Finally, every program is threatened constantly by software patents. States should not allow patents to restrict development and use of software on general-purpose computers, but in those that do, we wish to avoid the special danger that patents applied to a free program could make it effectively proprietary. To prevent this, the GPL assures that patents cannot be used to render the program non-free.
+
+The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow.
+
+TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+0. Definitions.
+
+“This License” refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
+
+“Copyright” also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of works, such as semiconductor masks.
+
+“The Program” refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this License. Each licensee is addressed as “you”. “Licensees” and “recipients” may be individuals or organizations.
+
+To “modify” a work means to copy from or adapt all or part of the work in a fashion requiring copyright permission, other than the making of an exact copy. The resulting work is called a “modified version” of the earlier work or a work “based on” the earlier work.
+
+A “covered work” means either the unmodified Program or a work based on the Program.
+
+To “propagate” a work means to do anything with it that, without permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for infringement under applicable copyright law, except executing it on a computer or modifying a private copy. Propagation includes copying, distribution (with or without modification), making available to the public, and in some countries other activities as well.
+
+To “convey” a work means any kind of propagation that enables other parties to make or receive copies. Mere interaction with a user through a computer network, with no transfer of a copy, is not conveying.
+
+An interactive user interface displays “Appropriate Legal Notices” to the extent that it includes a convenient and prominently visible feature that (1) displays an appropriate copyright notice, and (2) tells the user that there is no warranty for the work (except to the extent that warranties are provided), that licensees may convey the work under this License, and how to view a copy of this License. If the interface presents a list of user commands or options, such as a menu, a prominent item in the list meets this criterion.
+
+1. Source Code.
+The “source code” for a work means the preferred form of the work for making modifications to it. “Object code” means any non-source form of a work.
+
+A “Standard Interface” means an interface that either is an official standard defined by a recognized standards body, or, in the case of interfaces specified for a particular programming language, one that is widely used among developers working in that language.
+
+The “System Libraries” of an executable work include anything, other than the work as a whole, that (a) is included in the normal form of packaging a Major Component, but which is not part of that Major Component, and (b) serves only to enable use of the work with that Major Component, or to implement a Standard Interface for which an implementation is available to the public in source code form. A “Major Component”, in this context, means a major essential component (kernel, window system, and so on) of the specific operating system (if any) on which the executable work runs, or a compiler used to produce the work, or an object code interpreter used to run it.
+
+The “Corresponding Source” for a work in object code form means all the source code needed to generate, install, and (for an executable work) run the object code and to modify the work, including scripts to control those activities. However, it does not include the work's System Libraries, or general-purpose tools or generally available free programs which are used unmodified in performing those activities but which are not part of the work. For example, Corresponding Source includes interface definition files associated with source files for the work, and the source code for shared libraries and dynamically linked subprograms that the work is specifically designed to require, such as by intimate data communication or control flow between those subprograms and other parts of the work.
+
+The Corresponding Source need not include anything that users can regenerate automatically from other parts of the Corresponding Source.
+
+The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that same work.
+
+2. Basic Permissions.
+All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a covered work is covered by this License only if the output, given its content, constitutes a covered work. This License acknowledges your rights of fair use or other equivalent, as provided by copyright law.
+
+You may make, run and propagate covered works that you do not convey, without conditions so long as your license otherwise remains in force. You may convey covered works to others for the sole purpose of having them make modifications exclusively for you, or provide you with facilities for running those works, provided that you comply with the terms of this License in conveying all material for which you do not control copyright. Those thus making or running the covered works for you must do so exclusively on your behalf, under your direction and control, on terms that prohibit them from making any copies of your copyrighted material outside their relationship with you.
+
+Conveying under any other circumstances is permitted solely under the conditions stated below. Sublicensing is not allowed; section 10 makes it unnecessary.
+
+3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law.
+No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological measure under any applicable law fulfilling obligations under article 11 of the WIPO copyright treaty adopted on 20 December 1996, or similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such measures.
+
+When you convey a covered work, you waive any legal power to forbid circumvention of technological measures to the extent such circumvention is effected by exercising rights under this License with respect to the covered work, and you disclaim any intention to limit operation or modification of the work as a means of enforcing, against the work's users, your or third parties' legal rights to forbid circumvention of technological measures.
+
+4. Conveying Verbatim Copies.
+You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice; keep intact all notices stating that this License and any non-permissive terms added in accord with section 7 apply to the code; keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all recipients a copy of this License along with the Program.
+
+You may charge any price or no price for each copy that you convey, and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
+
+5. Conveying Modified Source Versions.
+You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the terms of section 4, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
+
+     a) The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it, and giving a relevant date.
+
+     b) The work must carry prominent notices stating that it is released under this License and any conditions added under section 7. This requirement modifies the requirement in section 4 to “keep intact all notices”.
+
+     c) You must license the entire work, as a whole, under this License to anyone who comes into possession of a copy. This License will therefore apply, along with any applicable section 7 additional terms, to the whole of the work, and all its parts, regardless of how they are packaged. This License gives no permission to license the work in any other way, but it does not invalidate such permission if you have separately received it.
+
+     d) If the work has interactive user interfaces, each must display Appropriate Legal Notices; however, if the Program has interactive interfaces that do not display Appropriate Legal Notices, your work need not make them do so.
+
+A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent works, which are not by their nature extensions of the covered work, and which are not combined with it such as to form a larger program, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if the compilation and its resulting copyright are not used to limit the access or legal rights of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit. Inclusion of a covered work in an aggregate does not cause this License to apply to the other parts of the aggregate.
+
+6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
+You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of sections 4 and 5, provided that you also convey the machine-readable Corresponding Source under the terms of this License, in one of these ways:
+
+     a) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by the Corresponding Source fixed on a durable physical medium customarily used for software interchange.
+
+     b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product (including a physical distribution medium), accompanied by a written offer, valid for at least three years and valid for as long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product model, to give anyone who possesses the object code either (1) a copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the product that is covered by this License, on a durable physical medium customarily used for software interchange, for a price no more than your reasonable cost of physically performing this conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the Corresponding Source from a network server at no charge.
+
+     c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the written offer to provide the Corresponding Source. This alternative is allowed only occasionally and noncommercially, and only if you received the object code with such an offer, in accord with subsection 6b.
+
+     d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated place (gratis or for a charge), and offer equivalent access to the Corresponding Source in the same way through the same place at no further charge. You need not require recipients to copy the Corresponding Source along with the object code. If the place to copy the object code is a network server, the Corresponding Source may be on a different server (operated by you or a third party) that supports equivalent copying facilities, provided you maintain clear directions next to the object code saying where to find the Corresponding Source. Regardless of what server hosts the Corresponding Source, you remain obligated to ensure that it is available for as long as needed to satisfy these requirements.
+
+     e) Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided you inform other peers where the object code and Corresponding Source of the work are being offered to the general public at no charge under subsection 6d.
+
+A separable portion of the object code, whose source code is excluded from the Corresponding Source as a System Library, need not be included in conveying the object code work.
+
+A “User Product” is either (1) a “consumer product”, which means any tangible personal property which is normally used for personal, family, or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation into a dwelling. In determining whether a product is a consumer product, doubtful cases shall be resolved in favor of coverage. For a particular product received by a particular user, “normally used” refers to a typical or common use of that class of product, regardless of the status of the particular user or of the way in which the particular user actually uses, or expects or is expected to use, the product. A product is a consumer product regardless of whether the product has substantial commercial, industrial or non-consumer uses, unless such uses represent the only significant mode of use of the product.
+
+“Installation Information” for a User Product means any methods, procedures, authorization keys, or other information required to install and execute modified versions of a covered work in that User Product from a modified version of its Corresponding Source. The information must suffice to ensure that the continued functioning of the modified object code is in no case prevented or interfered with solely because modification has been made.
+
+If you convey an object code work under this section in, or with, or specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as part of a transaction in which the right of possession and use of the User Product is transferred to the recipient in perpetuity or for a fixed term (regardless of how the transaction is characterized), the Corresponding Source conveyed under this section must be accompanied by the Installation Information. But this requirement does not apply if neither you nor any third party retains the ability to install modified object code on the User Product (for example, the work has been installed in ROM).
+
+The requirement to provide Installation Information does not include a requirement to continue to provide support service, warranty, or updates for a work that has been modified or installed by the recipient, or for the User Product in which it has been modified or installed. Access to a network may be denied when the modification itself materially and adversely affects the operation of the network or violates the rules and protocols for communication across the network.
+
+Corresponding Source conveyed, and Installation Information provided, in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly documented (and with an implementation available to the public in source code form), and must require no special password or key for unpacking, reading or copying.
+
+7. Additional Terms.
+“Additional permissions” are terms that supplement the terms of this License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions. Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by this License without regard to the additional permissions.
+
+When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place additional permissions on material, added by you to a covered work, for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission.
+
+Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
+
+     a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the terms of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
+
+     b) Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal Notices displayed by works containing it; or
+
+     c) Prohibiting misrepresentation of the origin of that material, or requiring that modified versions of such material be marked in reasonable ways as different from the original version; or
+
+     d) Limiting the use for publicity purposes of names of licensors or authors of the material; or
+
+     e) Declining to grant rights under trademark law for use of some trade names, trademarks, or service marks; or
+
+     f) Requiring indemnification of licensors and authors of that material by anyone who conveys the material (or modified versions of it) with contractual assumptions of liability to the recipient, for any liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on those licensors and authors.
+
+All other non-permissive additional terms are considered “further restrictions” within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is governed by this License along with a term that is a further restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this License, you may add to a covered work material governed by the terms of that license document, provided that the further restriction does not survive such relicensing or conveying.
+
+If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you must place, in the relevant source files, a statement of the additional terms that apply to those files, or a notice indicating where to find the applicable terms.
+
+Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions; the above requirements apply either way.
+
+8. Termination.
+You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third paragraph of section 11).
+
+However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the cessation.
+
+Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.
+
+Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same material under section 10.
+
+9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
+You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However, nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
+
+10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
+Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
+
+An “entity transaction” is a transaction transferring control of an organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered work results from an entity transaction, each party to that transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
+
+You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
+
+11. Patents.
+A “contributor” is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The work thus licensed is called the contributor's “contributor version”.
+
+A contributor's “essential patent claims” are all patent claims owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version, but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For purposes of this definition, “control” includes the right to grant patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of this License.
+
+Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and propagate the contents of its contributor version.
+
+In the following three paragraphs, a “patent license” is any express agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to sue for patent infringement). To “grant” such a patent license to a party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a patent against the party.
+
+If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license, and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a publicly available network server or other readily accessible means, then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent license to downstream recipients. “Knowingly relying” means you have actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that country that you have reason to believe are valid.
+
+If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered work and works based on it.
+
+A patent license is “discriminatory” if it does not include within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with specific products or compilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
+
+Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
+
+12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
+If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
+
+13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
+Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License, section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the combination as such.
+
+14. Revised Versions of this License.
+The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
+
+Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General Public License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
+
+If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Program.
+
+Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later version.
+
+15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
+THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+16. Limitation of Liability.
+IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+     Personal-Website
+     Copyright (C) 2023  BenHays42
+
+     This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+
+     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+     Personal-Website  Copyright (C) 2023  BenHays42
+     This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+     This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.
+
+You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But first, please read <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.

README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# Personal-Website
+

archetypes/default.md

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
++++
+title = '{{ replace .File.ContentBaseName "-" " " | title }}'
+date = {{ .Date }}
+draft = true
++++

content/posts/BookReview-ModernC.md

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+---
+title: "Book Review: \"C Programming: A Modern Approach\" by K.N. King"
+date: 2023-12-16T16:21:04-05:00
+toc: false
+images:
+tags:
+  - Reading
+  - Computer Science
+  - Programming
+---
+
+![Cover Photo](/images/c-knking.jpg)
+
+**Note**: This isn't going to be a very long or comprehensive review of this book, but I figured it might make sense to post some of my thoughts on it regardless. 
+
+"C Programming: A Modern Approach" by K.N. King made quite a nice read. Very insightful in some aspects, but a few bits were a tad cryptic ("few" might be an over-exaggeration, it was mostly just the bitmasking section). It felt a lot more accelerated than K&R's famous "C Programming Language" text, which I definitely enjoyed. It was also significantly more affordable and available than K&R's book, which is certainly a major win for those reading this for school-related reasons.
+
+The syntax of C isn't too hard to grasp if you've programmed before, but the many developer patterns (King refers to them as "C idioms") and niche edge-cases that cause undefined behavior can be quite a monster to tackle as a learner. Luckily, King does a good job of informing the reader by dedicating countless pages to inform the student of these situations and how to handle them in the Q&A sections at the end of each chapter. I find this to be a quite refreshing improvement compared to K&R.
+
+I'd likely recomend King's book to anyone wishing to learn C, especially if you plan to take a Systems course in the future, or need to read a bit of C code for your work. I probably wouldn't recomend it to someone without programming experience, but then again I wouldn't recomend C for new programmers in general. 
+
+#### Pros
+* Usually straight to the point, doesn't get on tangents
+* Affordable compared to other C texts
+* Contains basic information about languages like C++ in relation to C
+
+#### Cons
+* Lower level knowledge is required/useful after Ch. 10
+* Lacks additional material about advanced concepts like theading and optimization
+
+#### Coming Soon...
+My next writings will likely be something related to the [book](https://www.amazon.com/Computer-Systems-Programmers-Perspective-3rd/dp/013409266X) I'm currently reading, or the history/legacy of UNIX and UNIX-like systems. 

content/posts/BookReview-UnixProgEnv.md

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+---
+title: "Book Review: The UNIX Programming Enviroment"
+date: 2023-12-27
+toc: false
+images:
+tags:
+  - Reading
+  - Computer Science
+  - Programming
+---
+
+![Cover Photo](/images/unix_prog_env.jpg)
+
+"The UNIX Programming Enviroment" in many ways feels like the quintessential guide to the UNIX philosophy and operating system. It's very well written, and holds up to this very day. Readers somewhat familar with UNIX already may consider skipping the first chapter, as it's mostly review on the basic UNIX commands. The sections on shell scripting were a bit vague in areas, but it served its purpose regardless.
+
+I especially appreciated the sections devoted to Yacc and Lex, as I never really realized the importance of those particular tools in the development of scripting languages (including /bin/sh) and compilers. It felt very well written given the inherent complexities in script parsing and tokenization. 
+
+The chapter on Troff and Nroff was also quite good, however, it was a bit manual-like at times, which wasn't the case for the rest of the book. I especially appreciated the effort in trying to focus on specific examples and usecases instead of writing all of the possible methods and utilities. 
+
+I'd recomend this book to anyone who deals with UNIX-like systems on a regular basis, or if you're interested in some practical knowledge + some historical tidbits about the original UNIX operating system.
+
+#### Coming Soon...
+Thanks for reading! My next writings will either be about ["UNIX: A History and Memoir"](https://search.worldcat.org/title/1125982089), or CTF write-ups for [37C3's Potluck CTF](https://play.potluckctf.com/). 

content/posts/CTF-Woes.md

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+---
+title: "Discord, mandatory Google accounts, and other CTF woes"
+date: 2023-12-30
+toc: false
+images:
+tags:
+  - Security
+  - Software Freedom
+  - Hacking
+---
+
+CTFs (capture-the-flags) are the preferred tool for many hackers and security researchers around the globe to improve their skills and even earn
+some serious prizes. They usually involve a number of teams collectively competing against each other, attempting to solve as many "challenges" as possible. The team with the most solves or "captures" wins. Often they may win serious prizes as a result like expensive hardware, tools, and even cash prizes. Plenty of of the top Information Security experts and companies advocate for their use, [whole talks](https://yewtu.be/watch?v=6vj96QetfTg) have been given to show their intrinsic benefits. However, despite their importance in the world of information security, they often utilize and require the use of tooling and services that betray the user with all manners of tracking and unjust control. I will focus on CTFs in this post, however many of the challenges shown apply to many other groups, most importantly open-source software development projects. 
+
+First, what does a CTF even need in the first place? First, you need a way of managing teams, challenges, and the scoring of points. Luckily, many
+systems have been developed to manage this task (See: the [very popular (and open-source) CTFd](https://ctfd.io/), or the [Awesome-CTF list of platforms](https://github.com/apsdehal/awesome-ctf#platforms)). However, things get more muddy when additional features get involved, like a communication channel for contacting staff/teammates, dedicated hosting for challenge files, or help-ticketing systems for managing issues that may arise during the competition. 
+
+In most cases, people tend to utilize software they have some prior familiarity with. Hence, the more people utilize a certain proprietary service in one aspect of their life, the more likely they may chose to use it in another aspect of their life (the same is true for FOSS software). Well, what chat platform has taken a large market share in the younger demographic in recent years? Discord. Well, what chat platform is utilized by CTF events and FOSS projects, and by association anyone who wishes to participate? That's right, Discord. It's a slippery slope, because as more and more people and projects use Discord, the more it becomes the industry and cultural standard. This is bad news for everyone involved (except Discord), because Discord [isn't exactly known for being pro-software-freedom](https://tosdr.org/en/service/536) (or really any proprietary chat platform you can name). They [ban users who access the service without using their non-free client](https://github.com/Bios-Marcel/cordless#i-am-closing-down-the-cordless-project). They also [retain data long after deletion requests](https://support.discord.com/hc/en-us/articles/5431812448791-How-long-Discord-keeps-your-information). TLDR: Don't use Discord, at all, especially if freedom or privacy is of any concern to you. If a project you know or are involved with is considering adopting Discord or creating a server, please urge them not to. [IRC](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Relay_Chat) has been around for decades, and will remain the champion of chat protocols, with its many FOSS clients and supported features. If all you want is a fast, easy, and (most importantly) user-friendly way to chat with a few people (not 100's), then a platform like [Session](https://getsession.org/) might be the right solution.
+
+For this post, I'll use the example of a recent CTF I participated in: [Potluck CTF](https://ctftime.org/event/2199). This post is not meant to throw shade at Potluck CTF (or any CTF organizers for that matter). They were super helpful and understanding during the event (and even fixed one of the issues that I encountered during the event). I'd invite you to check out their event and organizers, as they seem like great people. Anyways, on to the personal experience section...
+
+Just as the countdown timer reached its final resting point at 00:00:00, many rushed to quickly access the challenges and their associated files. I did the same, as I didn't want to be left behind in the scoreboard by many of the skillful hackers and security experts I was up against. However, one thing got in my way: the challenge links. The CTF had chose to host the files and associated platform on Google Cloud, and for some unapparent reason Google required me to sign-in to my account to access the files. This wasn't doable for me, as I disable non-free JavaScript (and by association Google's JavaScript) and do not wish to make or sign in to a Google account. Well, this was definitely a problem, so I needed to contact the organizers. Well, where do they manage incident tickets and communicate with teams? Discord... Why is it always Discord!!
+
+To summarize 30 minutes of conversation and waiting, this was (obviously) unintended behavior caused by Google's Cloud platform assuming that everyone must obviously have a Google account, so no worries if it requires one to access hosted files. The organizer managed to get a link that wouldn't require a sign-in (or JavaScript). However, the whole experience inspired me to write about this seemingly common experience of non-free software embedded in communities that are otherwise fairly software-freedom conscious.
+
+If you're a organizer reading this, please just use IRC (or maybe something like [Revolt](https://revolt.chat/) if you want a FOSS drop-in replacement for Discord) for your communication. If you're really determined to use Discord in some way, please make an IRC channel in addition to a Discord server for the privacy-conscious people like myself. 
+
+
+------------
+
+P.S. If this article resonates with you, you may also enjoy [Drew DeVault's blog article on Discord's involvement in FOSS projects](https://drewdevault.com/2021/12/28/Dont-use-Discord-for-FOSS.html)

content/posts/Mastodon-Fediverse.md

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+title: "The Fediverse (and Mastodon) still isn't the Solution"
+date: 2024-01-08
+images:
+tags:
+  - Software Freedom
+  - Open Source
+  - Social Networks
+---
+
+Social media networks, a tale seemingly as old as time (or 30 years, which is pretty much equivalent). The ideal solution for any internet aficionado to talk with friends, argue with strangers, and send death threats to foes. With the recent and not-so-recent developments that (shockingly) maybe large tech monopolies aren't friendly to consumers, many users of these such platforms have been seeking an alternative. Perhaps one that's supposedly more friendly to their politics (an echo chamber, as seen later), or perhaps one that "cares" about their internet privacy. 
+
+The proposed solution to this dilemma is decentralized and federated servers built into a network using a common protocol ([ActivityPub](https://activitypub.rocks/), mainly), known collectively as the Fediverse[^0]. Whilst I certainly don't disagree that ActivityPub and the proposed goal of the protocol is a novel and useful concept, it's the implementation and what its being used for that I primarily take issue with today. 
+
+Firstly, the primary user base of the Fediverse as it is today are not people trying to escape walled gardens[^1], but rather people trying replicate existing ones. When most people think about the Fediverse, Mastodon usually comes to mind first. It's been the praised "friendly Twitter alternative" for many in tech ecosystem, but that isn't really telling the whole truth. Mastodon (or any Twitter clone/micro-blogging "platform") won't solve the core and basic inefficiencies present in modern social media, and will in some cases introduce more concerns. Federated servers is certainly an interesting concept (much like Plan 9, and distributed computing), but similar to Plan 9, to say it will solve all problems or take over existing tools is false. 
+
+Just a disclaimer, I am of the opinion that no social media platform, no matter how open, is inherently a negative thing. It's not really "social" in a sense of having a social conversation with a friend, it's really more of marketing tool. Whether that be brand accounts or personal accounts, it's usually some degree of attention-seeking for one reason or another. We've all seen those people who argue with strangers about seemingly unimportant topics for hours on end, just because they crave attention, anger, or are just plain bored. Or better yet, the people who discuss "political action" or "the (insert 'woke' or 'fascist') (insert 'left' or 'right') is going to destroy our country" and things associated with like-minded individuals, despite never leaving their sofa and tweeting all day about politics. This is flaw #1 with Mastodon and similar platforms. 
+
+One of the claimed beauties of the federated universe, is the capability for users to use servers that they trust and believe in. For information security folks there's https://infosec.exchange, for scientists there's https://fediscience.org/, for furries there's https://bark.lgbt (well, actually there's a ton of servers for furries). You get the picture, there's a server for just about every interest. This allows for each server and group to filter out content they don't agree with, collectively boost content they do agree with, and get like-minded individuals together. Two small problems though.. Humans aren't limited to one core interest or identity. What if I'm a furry *and* a scientist? Choosing one of these categories seems like a difficult choice for many, and thus the network effect of whichever has the most users is usually the deciding factor. 
+
+The second issue behind these interest-based servers becomes more apparent when we think back to those politically minded (anti-)social media users. If my chosen server is related to heavily political issue, or even things less political but are likely to incur similarly politically oriented people (I.E. large overlap between furries/LGBTQ+ and socialism/communism/anarchism, and gun/cryptocurrency enthusiasts often overlap with far-right politics). This doesn't inherently sound like a bad thing, right? I mean, LGBTQ+ servers *should* block bigots, but ask anyone to look at servers like Gab and they'll tell you it's an echo-chamber. Banning slurs and death threats makes sense, but banning entire groups of users (I.E. de-federating servers like Gab) seems like a slippery slope. Even if you agree with the politics of one server (for example, I too as a reasonable person think that LGBTQ+ people should have rights and be free from discrimination), but that doesn't mean that putting yourself in a Fediverse-based echo-chamber is harmless. There's a reason why I don't watch MSNBC *or* Fox News, it's just not a good thing to put yourself into. Even if you're the most devout Republican/Democrat, or strongly believe in Socialism or Libertarianism, you still shouldn't join into one of those servers. It's fine if you browse them occasionally to see what people are talking about, but it's certainly no claimed "townsquare"[^2] if the opposing political side is plainly and strictly blocked from appearing on peoples feeds. Obviously, ban death threats and the like, but there's a fine line between moderation and censorship, which is why Musk's Twitter is such a nasty place as of current.
+
+Some criticize the Fediverse for it's lack of proper and full content deletion and server instabilities. While these are true, and important things to think about if you chose to take the Fediverse red pill, but not really the *main* flaw. Content never being deleted and websites randomly going down is pretty much a core axiom of the internet, and really shouldn't be all that high on the list of Fedi-flaws. The inherent anti-social nature of social media, and the political bubbles it often puts us in is far more cause for concern than implementation squabbles.
+
+So... like any published article or post I must now end with a hastily generated list of proposed solutions, that are far too vague to be implemented. For starters, just don't use social media, **period**. If you *have to*, don't use "platforms" ran by people you don't know in person, and especially don't use Mastodon. Want a public place to share your thoughts and ideas? Make a website, buy a domain, learn some basic web development or better yet learn Markdown and Hugo. It costs like less than $10 per year for a domain ($.99 if you buy a neglected TLD like .xyz), and hosting is pretty much free if you don't mind letting Crimeflare become your corporate overlord. Better yet, you can host a hidden service on Tor for the grand price of zero dollars per year, ad infinitum (without dealing with Cloudfail too!).
+
+-------------------
+**PS:**
+Thanks for stopping by, hope you enjoyed the read. I promise to write something less politically charged soon, it seems I'm on a role with controversial topics... 
+
+[^0]: "Federated universe" 
+[^1]: The first sentences of https://activitypub.rocks/ state "Don't you miss the days when the web really was the world's greatest decentralized network? Before everything got locked down into a handful of walled gardens? So do we."
+[^2]: https://www.wired.com/story/twitter-has-officially-replaced-the-town-square/
+
+

content/posts/My Homelab (Part 1).md

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+---
+title: "My Homelab: Planning (1/4)"
+date: 2023-11-06T16:21:04-05:00
+toc: true
+images:
+tags:
+  - Security
+  - Network Automation
+  - DevOps
+---
+
+## Part 1: Introduction and Motivation
+### 1.1 Introduction
+Welcome to the exciting world of Home-Labs! In this series of posts, I'll be sharing my hands-on journey of building a Home-Lab from scratch (albeit with hefty amounts of encouragement/brainstorming from Reddit). If you're passionate about enterprise technology, eager to gain hands-on experience, or ready to put those IT certifications up to the test, you're in the right place.
+
+### 1.2 Importance of a Home-Lab
+Why would someone put significant amounts of their spare time and money towards a Home-Lab?
+In the vast landscape of IT, theoretical knowledge only takes you so far. A Home-Lab is essentially your own personal IT playground. It's a place to turn concepts into reality, test new ideas, and refine your skills. It's a hands-on classroom where mistakes are learning opportunities, and breakthroughs are celebrated. Home-labs aren't all the same, so if you're really interested in complex Windows networks, or time-saving DevOps tricks, or advanced hypervisor deployment, or pretty much anything you can name, there's probably a home-lab environment for that. The best part? You get to choose.
+
+### 1.3 Personal Motivations
+My decision and primary inspiration to create a Home-Lab mostly came from the r/sysadmin and r/homelab communities on Reddit, along with some suggestions from friends. I wanted to build something practical for my everyday life, whilst also learning a bunch about networking and security. As such, some hardware decisions were made for price-saving reasons, and for ease of maintenance. 
+
+## Part 2: Planning My Home-Lab
+### 2.1 Assessing Space and Resources
+#### Tailoring the Lab to My Space
+Given the constraints of my living space, I had to carefully assess where my Home-Lab could fit. Luckily, I had a bit of spare room in my basement, so I repurposed it for this purpose. This decision influenced the size and type of equipment I could accommodate. Some home-labs fit on desks using Raspberry Pis and Micro-PCs, luckily due to this choice I did not need to worry about those constraints
+
+If you're planning on creating a home-lab, take a close look at your available space and envision how it can be optimized for your homelab. Whether it's a spare room, a corner in your living space, or a dedicated area in the garage, make the most of the space you have.
+
+#### Taking Inventory of Resources
+Before diving into purchases, I took stock of the resources at my disposal. Existing hardware, spare components, and even unused devices were considered. This not only saved on costs but also gave a second life to equipment that might have otherwise been forgotten. For the most part, I had all the cables needed (cat5e, cat6, et cetera) for the devices I had planned to use. If I had more existing equipment, I probably would've made an Excel spreadsheet to track it all, but given all I really had was cables, it wasn't needed.
+
+![Assorted Cables](/images/Cables.jpg)
+
+### 2.3 Budgeting for My Home-Lab
+#### Financial Realities
+Building a homelab doesn't have to be an extravagant expense, despite what many of the lab screenshots on the internet would like you to believe. However, setting a realistic budget early on is crucial. I carefully considered immediate costs and potential future upgrades. Exploring cost-effective solutions and repurposing existing hardware were key strategies in keeping the budget manageable. I created a spreadsheet to track it all, and total up costs and potential future costs.
+
+## Part 3: Choosing Hardware for My Home-Lab
+### 3.1 Server Hardware
+For my homelab, it was important that I could be able to sustain many VMs running concurrently, as well as leaving room for expansion if I needed to. It was also important to select hardware that wouldn't break the bank in terms of power draw. As such, I mostly looked towards used rack server equipment for this set of needs.
+
+In the end, I opted for a used (and rather cheap) Dell PowerEdge R720 with a Intel Xeon E5-2660 v2 and 128GB of RAM for its great price, good performance, support for many VMs, and room for expansion storage-wise. It perfectly aligned with my goal of creating a virtualized environment for running web applications, AD controllers, and test networks.
+
+![Dell R720](/images/R720.jpg)
+
+
+### 3.2 Networking Equipment
+A homelab's hardware and software is only as strong as its network, and choosing the right networking equipment was paramount. I carefully assessed the network requirements for my projects and selected a used Cisco Catalyst 3560G and a virtualized pfSense instance to create a reliable and high-performance network infrastructure.
+
+![Cisco Switch](/images/Switch.jpg)
+
+Of course, Gigabit Ethernet and 2-3yo Cisco Multilayer switches aren't exactly the newest and coolest tech on the market, but they were very helpful in my CCNA certification learning, and they're more than alright for my homelab needs.
+
+### 3.3 Storage Solutions
+Storage is often a balancing act between speed and capacity. For my homelab, I needed sufficient storage for virtual machines and data, coupled with the speed required for responsive application hosting.
+
+I settled with 4TBs of SAS hard-drives that were compatible with the Dell PowerEdge that I chose. They aren't the best storage solution, and they're getting a bit old/slow at this point in their lifespan, but given my needs they were suitable. The next physical thing I may upgrade will likely be the hard-drives, but they have yet to break or show any problems, so I will likely continue using them on the server.
+
+I also utilized an existing Synology NAS with 8TBs of SATA HDDs for backup solutions (as seen later in this blog series), however this wasn't directly associated with my homelab, as I had it and was utilizing it beforehand. 
+
+![Synology DS220](/images/DS220.jpg)
+
+## Part 4: Planning the Physical Environment
+### 4.1 Physical Setup
+With the hardware decisions made, it was time to finally breathe some life into my newly acquired hardware. I dedicated a weekend to organizing the space, setting up shelves, and optimizing the layout for efficiency and accessibility. However, you could easily dedicate less time if you have a busy schedule.
+
+The server rack took center stage, positioned for easy access to ports and cables. Cable management is also important for any setup, ensuring a clean and organized appearance. Do not underestimate the impact of a well-organized space. It not only enhances functionality but also contributes to a more enjoyable experience later down the line. My management approach definitely left some stuff to be desired, however it certainly works well enough for my needs.
+### 4.2 Power and Cooling
+Power and cooling are often overlooked aspects of a home lab, but they are critical for the stability and the longevity of your equipment, as well as the safety of your data. I did not invest in a uninterruptible power supply (UPS), however I would strongly recomend doing so to safeguard against power fluctuations and outages. The majority of my improvement plans (at the current moment) involve the implementation of better reliability using devices like UPS's. Additionally, you may want to consider the implentation of a cooling solution to maintain optimal operating conditions, especially during heavy workloads. My requirements and hardware didn't nessitate this, especially given the cool temps of my basement.
+
+### 4.3 Initial Configuration
+With the physical organization and setup complete, it was time to power up the hardware for the first time. This phase involved a lot of sitting on the ground messing with cables and install wizards. I didn't encounter much resistance during the process, but it's definitely normal to encounter challenges during the initial configuration. Patience and a systematic approach are key. Getting the initial setup right can make the configuration later-on a lot easier or harder depending on the scenario.
+
+Some general tips for next time:
+* Start by getting the network equipment working first. You can leave the advanced security/QoS stuff for later, but don't underestimate the value of a stable network backbone when setting up the rest of your equipment
+* If an install wizard or tool gives you a big text dump of instructions/warnings, take a photo of it for later reference. It's quite easy to miss minor details or forget what to type when the time arises
+* Consult official documentation/manuals first (if possible). Google/StackOverflow/ChatGPT can be handy, but it's best to leave it up to the OEMs if possible.
+
+The following was an example of some of the tasks I performed, in order of operations (approx.):
+1. Ensure all power/network/display cables were properly seated, and turn on all powered equipment
+2. Configure appropriate Rapid-PVST/DNS/NTP settings on the network switch, and test network connectivity using external device
+3. Connect all additional devices to network switch using Cat5e cables
+4. Perform basic Proxmox VE install on R720 (a story for part 2... coming soon)
+5. Install/configure Synology NAS for backup operations
+
+## Part 5: Conclusion
+I've talked about a lot in this post, so I've decided to split this discussion of my homelab into a series of posts. We've looked at the inception of my homelab, from the initial motivations and planning to the important hardware decisions and the actual physical setup. The path to creating a good homelab is not just about assembling hardware or building configuration; it's a dynamic process of self-discovery and continuous learning. Looking back at the journey so far, I've encountered challenges, made decisions, and gained valuable insights into the intricate world of enterprise technology. However, creating a good homelab is an ongoing project. As I fine-tune configurations, experiment with new technologies, and tackle unforeseen challenges, the lab will evolve.
+
+In the upcoming posts, I'll delve into specific projects and experiments conducted within the lab. From setting up hypervisors and virtual environments to exploring backup solutions inside complicated networks, each installment will provide a deep dive into a particular aspect of my experimentation. I'll share the successes, the lessons learned from my failures, and the exciting discoveries I've made along the way.
+
+Thank you for reading, and happy homelabbing!

content/posts/NewYearsResolutions.md

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+---
+title: "Software Freedom for a New Year"
+date: 2023-12-26T16:21:04-05:00
+toc: false
+images:
+tags:
+  - Open Source
+  - Software Freedom
+  - Politics
+---
+
+It’s that time of the year again, where we start to look back on the past calendar year, and begin to plan and dream for the coming one.  As we reflect on the past and dream about the future, it's a natural point to pause and contemplate our actions. Amid the chaos of a busy year, moments for thoughtful reflection can be rare. Whilst some pledge to give up alcohol, or take up a fresh, new exercise regime, I urge you to consider a different pledge—one that involves eliminating freedom-disrespecting software and hardware from your life whenever possible.
+
+
+If you’ve been on the internet for any given period of time, and have any degree of interest in how computers work (or sometimes don’t), you’re probably already keenly aware of the ever-growing concerns regarding privacy and freedom in the digital age. I’m not going to make a full list of all the concerns, but if you want something comprehensive, see the FSF’s list and the EFF’s list. Remotely deletable Kindle books, government-ran mass-surveillance programs like XKEYSCORE and PRISM, constant “phoning-home” attempts from Windows and Mac OS, locked-down app stores, and devices that refuse to work when unofficial parts are detected are all examples of the greater trend towards lesser digital freedoms.
+
+However, this post isn’t about all the injustices and horrors going on in the name of “Tech”, there’s plenty available on the internet already. No, this time of the year is about positive change and reflection, not doom and gloom. That’s why I’m encouraging you (yes, you!) to find some proprietary or otherwise freedom-disrespecting hardware or software, and make a plan to replace it. It’s not easy, especially for the big things, but it will improve your life so much later on. Even if all you do is replace that one proprietary app on your phone or computer with a freedom-respecting alternative and end there, that’s still massive improvement! Despite what the Stallman/GNU purists would like you to believe, sometimes it’s fine to keep some proprietary stuff in, but the important part is that there’s always some improvement year-after-year, no matter how small.
+
+
+Personally, I’ve already removed Microsoft and Apple from my life by using Linux and independent hardware, so my challenge for the next year is primarily going to focus on migrating my important data away from Google services, so I can finally muster the courage to delete the account permanently. The only Google service I primarily use at this point is Gmail, which I’ve had difficulty getting rid of, given the people/services that may still rely on it.
+
+
+### Extra Challenges:
+- Medium: Replace your non-free BIOS with a freedom-respecting one like Libreboot or Coreboot
+- Hard: Boycott companies that don’t respect the rights of their workers and customers (see: Amazon)
+- Insane: Use a tool like LibreJS to only allow freedom-respecting JavaScript code (or just disable it entirely, good luck!)
+

content/posts/School-System.md

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+---
+title: "The American School System Isn’t \'Broken\'"
+date: 2024-01-04
+toc: true
+images:
+tags:
+  - Politics
+  - Education
+  - Opinion
+---
+
+## Introduction
+I'm surely not the sole witness to the constant deluge of statements and "hot-takes" regarding the American educational system[^0] and its claimed flaws. These claims made by people from all backgrounds and educations rack up millions of views and clicks[^1], and make the headlines for trustworthy journalistic institutions like the New York Times[^2]. It's almost such a universal opinion (especially among the younger generations) that it no longer becomes unique or even a point to be proven, just accepted along with the rest of the doomer internet-isms[^3]. Saying the school system is flawed, is almost like claiming that water is wet, in some circles. 
+
+It's certainly not a new or distinctly modern concept either, teens and young adults have been talking about their strong qualms with a so called "education system" for decades. With arguments ranging from not "needing no education"[^4], to the seemingly more reasonable arguments that students feel as though that school leaves no time for students to do what they are passionate about.
+
+However, as I will soon hope to show, the so called "education system" is not inherently flawed, neither is it seriously lacking in the fields that critics usually point to. This is a rather unpopular claim to make among Gen-Z (of which I am apart of), however I believe it comes down to a very basic misunderstanding of what "school" (or rather K-12) is supposed to be. 
+
+First, I'll discuss the major points made against the education system (and their flaws). Then, make my (very much opinionated) interpretation of the very purpose of school. Finally, I'll discuss what "can be done about it", and ways in which we as a society can move forward.
+
+I'm surely unfit to address every claim, or cover all the various inter-workings and processes in the very system in which I hope to defend. However, my basic goal, is to hopefully convince you to think beyond the first and obvious conclusion that most journalists and "content-creators"[^5] come to. 
+
+### Disclaimer
+The whole of this essay is my personal opinion, and was not influenced or representative of any employer or institution former or present. I'm not an expert in the field of education, nor am I a professional journalist or researcher that studies education as a whole. I'm simply a current student, which I believe gives me some limited credential to speak regarding the current state of American education.
+
+## The Claims
+### 1: School doesn't let kids follow their passions
+Ask anyone about what they see wrong about school, they'll usually first come up with something relating to claimed rigidity of the school experience. The cultural stereotype of the passionate teenage artist in an American high school class, absolutely bored out of their mind, and stripped of all creativity, is an ever-present concept in the minds of many when they think about this argument and debate. However, this stereotype couldn't be farther from the truth, and perpetuates the epidemic of teenagers giving up upon their passions and goals even further.
+
+This stereotype simply isn't true for three reasons:
+1. Seemingly unrelated subjects, have major inter-disciplinary applications, and fruitful careers don't solely rely on knowledge of a specific skill
+2. Students can still seek out passions during periods of downtime, and can apply their own passions to the subjects traditionally taught in school
+3. If the things taught in high school were truly so useless, why would so many experts and organizations create the educational standards we have today as they are? Why would they not change it to include more seemingly useful skills?
+
+Whilst the topics and discussions in any given class environment may be domain and application-specific (I.E. learning how to factor quadratics), the overarching subject-matters and disciplines have applications to just about every career. Even the most creative of individuals, would likely find some use of science and mathematics in their careers. Being an artist isn't solely about mastering shading, or perfecting the hand. Relevant and valuable knowledge can come from seemingly unrelated topics, most of which taught in schools around the country. Knowledge of the different qualities and underlying materials of paint (Chem), and the mathematical concepts behind every vector graphic ever made in Adobe Illustrator or Inkscape (Bézier curves) would certainly assist in the careers of many aspiring artists. Conveniently enough, I'm certain both of those ideas could be understood by utilizing classes in just about any high school.
+
+As a student currently in high school, I can certainly make the claim that there is enough time to get *some* things done between classes. Plenty, if not most teens chose to use this time to look at the Instagrams, Facebooks, and TikToks, but it exists nonetheless. If you have enough time and gall to sneakily check your phone during class, you have plenty of time/gall to sneakily read a book about whatever interests you. All that time spent watching YouTube or Twitch, sending Bitmojis to your group chat, or playing video games till 1am could easily be utilized towards better pursuits. I do acknowledge that some people truly don't have that after school free time, whether they're looking after siblings or working late hours to support their family. However, if that is the case for that individual, those jobs and tasks should obviously be more important than passion-seeking or Instagrams.
+
+The United States Department of Education received $79.6 billion in tax payer dollars in 2023. That's a metric fuck-ton lot of money, and supports a tremendous amount of programs and staff to be focused on the education of the next generation. It seems there may be a common pattern amongst youngsters disillusioned with "society" or "government" of disregarding the overwhelming number of people and staff working on the problems that they often feel go under the rug. Whether this be in the "education system" crowd, or the many other confused social uprisings that assume and would like others to assume that the problems they bring up are unnoticed and unacknowledged by anyone, when that simply isn't the case. This plays along with the youthful and pseudo-revolutionary thoughts that old, bureaucratic, and opaque systems are inherently the devil, and usually the root of all problems, despite overwhelming evidence to prove the contrary. Why do all successful companies eventually become bureaucracies with complicated systems? Because nontransparent corporate bureaucracies *work* (at least in the degrees that decision-makers care about). The same could be said for educational standards. It seems almost counter-intuitive at first glance that every student should know levels of math that are unlikely to use every day, yet after all the money and experts we result in the same conclusion. It seems as though these standards and materials taught to students *work*, at least the eyes of those whom are the experts in the field of education.
+
+### 2: School is just work / training kids to be workers
+
+Yes, I don't disagree at all. However, it seems I may have missed the part where this is an inherently bad thing though. In my humble opinion, students *aren't prepared enough* in this degree, although I'll discuss more of that later. The high school experience is similar to a job in many ways, from the artificial deadlines to the performance reviews by superiors (grades, teachers, finals, et cetera). This can obviously be mentally taxing for students, as something that mimics employment is likely to cause similar effects. However, the absence of this mimicry and associated effects is significantly more negative than the effects themselves. 
+
+Enforced deadlines and difficult assignments *require* students to commit to good working habits, or else they fail. That is the inherent nature of life as a functional human in a functional society. Those who can meet the requirements continue on, and those who do not fail. The softening of school by removing deadlines and stressful elements only enforces the misunderstanding (as discussed in the next section) that any students who fail are the fault of the school, not the student. This is exactly what causes young adults in the workplace to claim that any workplace with strict managers and deadlines is a so-called "toxic workplace". This is one of the many social and societal conditions that causes younger folks to lack grit and perseverance. I even notice these side-effects in myself, as it's very easy to blame a system or society for one's own failures. This anti-pattern of shifted blame and responsibility is a core effect in many incel[^7] and doomer[^3] circles.
+
+This allows people to fall into depressive cycles of failing, blaming a system or another person (I.E. a teacher, manager, or boss), and becoming more disenchanted with life and existence. This disenchantment only allows the cycle to repeat, and thus digs a deeper hole. This disproportionately effects those with more creative intentions and goals, as those same people are more likely to seek out alternative education, such as systems without grades and deadlines. 
+
+That isn't to say that school doesn't or shouldn't allow for flexible goals and projects, or creative/personal endeavors either. However, just like in a career setting, it is the responsibility of the student/employee to create, manage, sponsor, and advocate for those activities, not the would-be employer or school. In the most academic and traditional high school setting, I imagine that if a student truly advocated for something in the same manner one would beyond high school, they would likely achieve it. Regardless of whether that's always the case, they could certainly do it in between classes, or at home, or apply personal endeavors to academic endeavors, as mentioned previously. 
+
+Many students are on the cusp of either failing or succeeding, the slacking of academic rigor may allow more students at the present to pass without undergoing stress, however it significantly impacts them negatively down the line. It's true for a great many things in life that early experience (though possibly stressful and negative) allows people to prosper later in life. 
+
+## The Core Misunderstanding
+Many students treat school as a reactionary and often passive experience. If something happens, like a teacher comment or a negative grade, they only then seek to fix whatever problem caused it. You can witness this in the systems adopted that allow students to retake any negative test/project grades, without consequence for failing the first time. They expect teachers to warn them of deadlines, and provide for all the supposed "learning styles"[^6], despite this being entirely not the fault of a system, but rather the fault of the student. In this degree, the school system isn't "failing students", the students are failing the school system. 
+
+This core expectation of a proposed system being responsible for all potential outcomes, either success or failure, is the root of many political misunderstandings. Obviously, in a just society, the system should make education as broadly available as possible. However, some students choose to avoid any help or put in any effort. These students lives are not gone or ruined, nor should they be ignored as whole, but we should not negatively impact the students actively trying to succeed in order to avoid those not trying at all from failing.
+
+## Solutions?
+Many of the articles and videos that claim the supposed school system to be flawed often end with a brief list of solutions, such as the adoption of grade-less schooling, or project-based learning (as though that can fully replace traditional education). As mentioned previously, gradeless/deadlineless schooling only leads students to fail later in life, when inevitably facing similar constructs in work / higher education. Project-based learning is novel, and certainly an interesting approach, however it could never fully replace the traditional deadline based approach in its entirety. Online/charter schools are also similarly interesting, however their quality and approach is widely different from school-to-school, thus I can't fairly make an opinionated claim about either. 
+
+I don't have such a list of my personally supported "solutions", but I would make the claim that more students should be made aware of the benefits of school and embrace deadlines and grades as a necessary evil. If the stated goal is prevent more students from dropping out or getting a lack-luster education, I believe we should seek to fix the problems that cause students to pull away from school and effort, not the effort-requiring activities themselves. I think that far more strict legislation should face vape companies, along with better systems to help recovering drug addicts, especially in K-12 environments. Teens seeking addiction recovery help should not be treated like criminals, and our society should not treat addicts like second-class citizens. 
+
+I also think that parenting style of blinding giving children unrestricted access to the internet and YouTube at young ages should be heavily shunned and discouraged. Social media companies should be fined for every crime, death, or negative outcome they enabled. Social-media caused bullying has led to many suicides and deaths, and big-tech has gotten away with it so far. Banning TikTok, Instagram, or Snapchat won't fix the issue, it will make it worse. Banning something only makes it look cooler in the eyes of children, and makes it more economically valuable in the eyes of adults. What we need is younger-generation led mass consumer boycotts of these platforms and companies, and education campaigns showing the danger of social media usage. 
+
+Hopefully this exodus of social media platforms will lead to more reasonable career aspirations and career satisfaction among Gen-Z/Gen-Alpha. A whopping %17 of male teens surveyed in the United States[^8] said their ideal career was either a social-media influencer or professional gamer (heh, whatever that means). 
+
+## Conclusion
+The American K-12 education system isn't broken, the current culture of blaming a system for ones problems is however. There is ample time for students to learn about things they are passionate about, if they truly wished to do so. If there's ample time to check your phone, there's ample time to read a book. It's true that schools can be stressful, but that is inherently true for any activity that requires effort and grit. It's also true that many students are failing school, but not at the fault of any system or school, but rather the environment that surrounds them, with rampant drug use, and excessive internet/social-media usage. 
+
+My apologies if this was a rather uninteresting read, as I usually just focus on technology on this site, however I felt passionate about this subject after an interesting discussion in person. Hopefully you agree, or maybe you don't, that's perfectly fine. Feel free to reach out or send an email if you want to discuss your thoughts on the topic.
+
+[^0]: When I say "school" or "school system", I am specifically referring to the American K-12 system.
+[^1]: See https://vid.puffyan.us/watch?v=dqTTojTija8 and https://vid.puffyan.us/watch?v=okpg-lVWLbE
+[^2]: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/12/19/learning/what-students-are-saying-about-how-to-improve-american-education.html
+[^3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doomer
+[^4]: https://vid.puffyan.us/watch?v=5IpYOF4Hi6Q
+[^5]: Yes, I know that "content-creator" is a silly term, but I simply couldn't find a more apt one that was all-inclusive
+[^6]: Learning styles have been proven by many studies to simply be pseudo-scientific bunk. See https://vid.puffyan.us/watch?v=rhgwIhB58PA
+[^7]: Incel = involuntarily celibate. An Incel is characterized as someone who blames other people (mostly women) for their own failures in dating and the workplace.
+[^8]: <a href="https://www.statista.com/chart/31014/most-popular-future-jobs-with-united-states-teenagers/" title="Infographic: What Do U.S. Teens Want To Be When They Grow Up? | Statista"><img src="https://cdn.statcdn.com/Infographic/images/normal/31014.jpeg" alt="Infographic: What Do U.S. Teens Want To Be When They Grow Up? | Statista" width="50%" height="auto" style="width: 50%; height: auto !important; max-width:960px;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"/></a><a href="https://www.statista.com/chartoftheday/">Statista</a>
+
+
+

hugo.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+baseURL = 'https://benhays.org/'
+languageCode = 'en-us'
+title = 'Ben Hays'
+theme = "hello-friend-ng"
+paginate = 10
+
+[markup.goldmark.renderer]
+unsafe = true
+
+[params]
+dateform = "Jan 2, 2006"
+dateformShort = "Jan 2"
+dateformNum = "2006-01-02"
+dateformNumTime = "2006-01-02 15:04"
+
+customCSS = ["/css/style.css"]
+
+# Subtitle for home
+homeSubtitle = "Information Security Student"
+
+# Set disableReadOtherPosts to true in order to hide the links to other posts.
+disableReadOtherPosts = false
+
+# Disable Un-needed features
+enableSharingButtons = false
+enableGlobalLanguageMenu = false
+
+# Metadata
+description = ""
+keywords = "homepage, blog"
+images = [""]
+
+# Generator Options
+enableRobotsTXT = true
+enableGitInfo   = true
+enableEmoji     = true
+enableMissingTranslationPlaceholders = false
+disableRSS     = false
+disableSitemap = false
+disable404     = false
+
+[languages]
+[languages.en]
+title = "Ben Hays"
+keywords = ""
+copyright = '<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">CC BY-NC 4.0</a>'
+readOtherPosts = "Read other posts"
+
+[languages.en.params]
+subtitle = "Information Security Student"
+
+[[menu.main]]
+identifier = "blog"
+name = "Posts"
+url = "/posts"
+
+[params.logo]
+logoMark = ""
+logoText = "Ben Hays"
+logoHomeLink = "/"
+logoCursorDisabled = true
+
+[[params.social]]
+name = "email"
+url = "mailto:benhays@benhays.org"
+
+[[params.social]]
+name = "github"
+url = "https://github.com/benjaminhays"
+
+[[params.social]]
+name = "linkedin"
+url = "https://www.linkedin.com/in/ben-hays-963768258"

static/css/style.css

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+main p {
+    margin-top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+main h1 {
+    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
+    background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(148,147,249,1) 0%, rgba(178,147,249,1) 48%, rgba(189,147,249,1) 100%);
+    -webkit-background-clip: text;
+    background-clip: text;
+    -webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
+}
+
+a:hover {
+    color: #BD93F9 !important;
+}
+
+.post-title {
+    font-size: 1.8rem;
+}
+
+.post-content img {
+    display: block;
+    margin-left: auto;
+    margin-right: auto;
+}
+
+a.footnote-ref::before {
+    content: '[';
+}
+
+a.footnote-ref::after {
+    content: ']';
+}

themes/hello-friend-ng

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+Subproject commit 71cee08f56058d234e830f2ec0fd28623b8b4dbd